High TLR3 transcript levels correlate with high TIM3 and VISTA checkpoints but not with outcome after immune checkpoint blockade. Hsieh M et al. AACR2025

Evaluation of TLR3 RNA expression landscape in 514 real-world tumors with categorization into "High" or "Non-High" levels and analysis of associations with patient characteristics, immune markers and cancer subtypes, demonstrated a significant correlation between high TLR3 expression and other immune modulation targets such as VISTA and TIM3 RNA expression. However, TLR3 expression was not a significant predictor of overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) in cancer patients, including those receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).